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Oracle10g RAC Configuration for Linux x86_64bit
目录
一、安装前的准备工作… 2
1.1安装Linux. 2
1.2配置/etc/hosts. 2
1.3Disable SELinux. 2
1.4分区 3
1.5创建组和用户… 4
1.6环境变量配置以及软件包的检查… 6
1.7 ssh配置… 8
1.7.1所有节点创建.ssh目录… 8
1.7.2 生成密钥对… 8
1.7.3所有节点查看相关信息… 9
1.7.4密钥分发… 10
1.7.5测试ssh. 11
二、OCFS的安装及配置… 11
2.1安装 OCFS. 11
2.2格式化分区为OCFS2格式… 12
2.3配置集群节点… 14
2.4配置o2cb. 17
三、ClusterWare 安装… 18
四、Oracle10g 软件安装… 35
六、监听配置以及RAC测试… 48
6.1修改Node1的tnsnames.ora文件… 48
6.2修改Node2的tnsnames.ora文件… 49
6.3修改参数local_listener. 50
6.4重新启动所有实例及监听器… 50
6.5.客户端tnsname.ora设置… 51
6.6.测试RAC.. 51
七、RAC重启命令… 52
八、附：卸载ClusterWare. 52

一、安装前的准备工作

1.1安装Linux

安装过程略，首先确定所安装Linux的版本。 本案例的Linux Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 4)

1.2配置/etc/hosts

注：此操作需要在每个个节点都要操作 [root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/hosts

注：每个节点都需要一个唯一的公共和专用网际协议 (Internet Protocol, IP) 地址，以及一个附加公共 IP 地址，该附加公共 IP 地址作为客户端连接和连接故障转移的虚拟 IP 地址。虚拟 IP地址必须与公共 IP 属于同一个子网。Hostname 最好用小写 (多个PUBLIC NIC 的时候最好只用一个, hosts 这里我们暂时保留)

1.3Disable SELinux

注：此操作需要在每个个节点都要操作 永久性Disable SELinux： [root@node1 ~]# vi /etc/grub.conf

此处需要注意：在grub.conf中

title Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS (2.6.9-42.ELsmp)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.9-42.ELsmp ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
selinux=0
initrd /initrd-2.6.9-42.ELsmp.img
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS-up (2.6.9-42.EL)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.9-42.EL ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
selinux=0
initrd /initrd-2.6.9-42.EL.imgLinux

其中Linux的版本2.6.9-42.ELsmp 中的ELsmp 表示Red Hat Linux kernel that supports symmetric multiprocessing (multiple processor machines) <—- 对称多处理器机器。2.6.9-42.EL 中的EL表示 Red Hat Linux kernel for uniprocessor machines <—- 支持单处理器机器。 为了安全起见最好将这两个都添加上selinux=0。 重启机子使得selinux 生效。

1.4分区

在分区之前需要安装Powerpath软件。 插入Powerpath 软件光盘 进入光盘的目录 cd /media/cdrom/LINUX/2.6/pp5.0.x/rhel 找到EMCpower.LINUX-5.0.0-157.rhel.x86_64.rpm使用以下命令进行安装

rpm -ivh EMCpower.LINUX-5.0.0-157.rhel.x86_64.rpm
emcpreg -install 输入 *24位序列号

安装完毕之后重启机子，重启之后通过powermt display dev=all检查是否安装成功。

然后进行分区操作 [root@node1~]#fdisk /dev/emcpowera1

其它分区一样 /ocfs_data /ocfs_index /ocfs_log

1.5创建组和用户

注：此操作需要在每个个节点都要操作

[root@node1 ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@node1 ~]# groupadd -g 500 dba
[root@node1 ~]# groupadd -g 501 oinstall
[root@node1 ~]# useradd -u 500 -g dba -G oinstall oracle
[root@node1 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

注：dba是Primary Group Oracle环境变量的设置： 修改oracle用户下的.bash_profile 在.bash_profile 下添加如下信息

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
# Set Oracle Environment
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/product/oracle;export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=racsid1;export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle;export ORACLE_OWNER
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/product;export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_TERM=vt100;export ORACLE_TERM
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib;export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
set -u
PS1=`hostname`'<$PWD>$';export PS1
EDITOR=/bin/vi; export EDITOR
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java;export JAVA_HOME
ORA_NLS33=/u01/product/oracle/ocommon/nls/admin/data;export ORA_NLS33
CLASSPATH=/u01/product/oracle/jdbc/lib/classesl11.zip:/usr/local/java;
export DISPLAY=127.0.0.1:0.0
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.6.9
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH:/u01/product/crs/bin:.;export PATH
cat .bash_profile

1.6环境变量配置以及软件包的检查

注：此操作需要在每个个节点都要操作 确定以下软件包必须安装，检查是否安装软件包的命令#rpm -qa|grep compat 如果有没安装的软件请执行 #rpm –ivh xxxx 安装软件包 或者：

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' \binutils compat-db compat-libstdc++-296 control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver setarch

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-21 compat-db-4.1.25-9 control-center-2.8.0-12.rhel4.5 gcc-3.4.6-3 gcc-c++-3.4.6-3 glibc-2.3.4-2.25 glibc-common-2.3.4-2.25 gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1 libstdc++-3.4.6-3 libstdc++-3.4.6-3 make-3.80-6.EL4 pdksh-5.2.14-30.3 sysstat-5.0.5-11.rhel4 xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.11 libaio-0.3.105-2 libaio-devel-0.3.105-2
授权

#chown –R oracle.dba /u01
#chmod 755 /u01
#chown –R oracle.dba /ocfs_data
#chmod 755 /ocfs_data

修改内核参数 Vi /etc/sysctl.conf,增加以下各行

kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967296 #
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144

修改后运行sysctl -p 命令使得内核改变立即生效 设置/etc/security/limits.conf,

#vi /etc/security/limits.conf

加入：

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

修改/etc/pam.d/login 添加

Session required pam_limits.so

1.7 ssh配置

1.7.1所有节点创建.ssh目录

Node1
node1</home/oracle>$pwd
/home/oracle
node1</home/oracle>$mkdir .ssh
node1</home/oracle>$chmod 700 .ssh
node1</home/oracle>$
Node2
node2</home/oracle>$pwd
/home/oracle
node2</home/oracle>$mkdir .ssh
node2</home/oracle>$chmod 700 .ssh
node2</home/oracle>$

1.7.2 生成密钥对

Node1
node1</home/oracle>$ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
d8:9c:2d:2f:01:45:e7:43:5b:8f:9c:de:26:39:bf:e0 oracle@node1
node1</home/oracle>$
node1</home/oracle>$ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
17:70:f5:02:ab:ce:e5:d9:79:b6:1e:d4:ff:65:33:8b oracle@node1
Node2
node2</home/oracle>$ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
b7:6b:33:7c:04:ea:d5:43:bc:6c:1d:b1:3c:b3:a5:59 oracle@node2
node2</home/oracle>$
node2</home/oracle>$ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ae:0a:a7:a7:4c:d3:50:3f:7e:e8:11:8e:53:ea:97:47 oracle@node2

1.7.3所有节点查看相关信息

Node1
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$pwd
/home/oracle/.ssh
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$ls –alh
total 24K
drwx------ 2 oracle dba 4.0K Nov 3 10:34 .
drwx------ 23 oracle dba 4.0K Nov 3 10:30 ..
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 668 Nov 3 10:34 id_dsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 602 Nov 3 10:34 id_dsa.pub
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 887 Nov 3 10:33 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 222 Nov 3 10:33 id_rsa.pub
Node2
node2</home/oracle/.ssh>$pwd
/home/oracle/.ssh
node2</home/oracle/.ssh>$ls –alh
total 24K
drwx------ 2 oracle dba 4.0K Nov 3 10:45 .
drwx------ 20 oracle dba 4.0K Nov 3 10:31 ..
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 672 Nov 3 10:45 id_dsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 602 Nov 3 10:45 id_dsa.pub
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 887 Nov 3 10:45 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 222 Nov 3 10:45 id_rsa.pub

1.7.4密钥分发

Node1
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$ssh node1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >>authorized_keys
The authenticity of host 'node1 (192.168.0.25)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is f8:93:51:cd:af:ee:81:a0:f6:eb:b5:14:58:f2:a5:0a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node1,192.168.0.25' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@node1's password:
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$ssh node1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>authorized_keys
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$ssh node2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >>authorized_keys
The authenticity of host 'node2 (192.168.0.26)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 30:84:8c:43:58:a3:0a:8d:07:49:d3:4c:51:37:18:91.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node2,192.168.0.26' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@node2's password:
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$ssh node2 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>authorized_keys
oracle@node2's password:
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$
node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$scp authorized_keys node2:/home/oracle/.ssh
oracle@node2's password:
authorized_keys 100% 1648 1.6KB/s 00:00
Node2
node2</home/oracle/.ssh>$ls –alh
total 28K
drwx------ 2 oracle dba 4.0K Nov 3 11:08 .
drwx------ 20 oracle dba 4.0K Nov 3 10:31 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 1.7K Nov 3 11:08 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 672 Nov 3 10:45 id_dsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 602 Nov 3 10:45 id_dsa.pub
-rw------- 1 oracle dba 887 Nov 3 10:45 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 222 Nov 3 10:45 id_rsa.pub
node2</home/oracle/.ssh>$chmod 600 authorized_keys

1.7.5测试ssh

在node1上：

node1</home/oracle/.ssh>$ssh node2 date
Mon Nov 3 11:12:12 CST 2008

同样在node2上：

node2</home/oracle>$ssh node1 date
Tue Nov 4 14:05:56 CST 2008

不需要输入密码说明配置ssh OK

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